Dental caries is a major public health problem and is the most prevalent noncommunicable disease 1. In primary teeth, the disease affects 514 million children worldwide, and it can harm children’s ...
Impacted teeth fail to erupt within the expected developmental window and are often blocked by gum tissue or bone. Maxillary cuspids (canines) possess the longest roots and are critical for proper ...
Primary tooth eruption and development are governed by a complex interplay of genetic programming, maternal and perinatal influences, nutritional status and broader environmental factors. Genetically, ...