Energy efficiency in physics is not measured the way most people think about it. Instead of asking how much heat a process produces per unit of fuel, physicists often compare how much of a substance’s ...

For more than two centuries, fossil fuels have dominated global energy and chemical production, accounting for over 80% of consumption and driving a steep rise in CO₂ emissions. This reliance has ...

But in experiments, chemists only found inefficient reactions. The FSU research, published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, shows why: The molecule quickly moves into a less energetic ...

This module focuses on thermochemistry, which is covered in either general chemistry I or general chemistry II depending on institutional preferences. The module consists of several activities.

Manufactured chemicals and materials are necessary for practically every aspect of daily life, from life-saving pharmaceuticals to plastics, fuels and fertilizers. Yet manufacturing these important ...